Conjunctions in English sentences

Conjunction                              Sentence although                                Although he's very famous he is still nice. and                    I like tea and coffee. as               As I came she was leaving.               As you couldn't see the film, we'll tell you something                about it. because               She goes to the tennis club because she likes to play tennis.  but               He reads magazines but he doesn't like to read books. either               I'm sorry, Peter is ill and I can't come either.               We can either go to the cinema or to the cafe. even               She likes swimming, even in winter. even if               Don't drink any alcohol even if you drive carefully. even so               This book is very popular; even so, I don't like it. how               Do you know how to ride a snowboard? however               However we've lost the match.               They worked hard for the test, however, they failed. if               If they were older, they could go to the party. in case               Take your mobile with you in case you miss the bus. in spite of               He looks very fit in spite of his age. neither               They didn't go to the party, and neither did I.               Neither drinks nor food are allowed in this room. or               Do you like tea or coffee? otherwise               Look at the map, please. Otherwise you'll get lost. since               Since he's lost his money, he couldn't go to the restaurant. unless               Her baby cannot fall asleep unless she stays in the room. what               I don't know what to say. when               When you're in London, write an e-mail to me. whether               I'm going home whether you like it or not.
Personal pronouns, Possessive determiners, Possessive pronouns   Personal pronouns Possessive determiners Possessive pronouns Personal pronouns as subject (nominative) as object (accusative and dative) Possessive determiners Possessive pronouns I me my I you you your you he him his he she her her she it it its it we us our we you you your yours they them their theirs We have some books. The books are for us. These are our books. The books are ours.

Sentences:  Simple, Compound, and Complex

SIMPLE SENTENCE

A simple sentence, contains a subject and a verb, and it expresses a complete thought.
In the following simple sentences, subjects are in yellow, and verbs are in green.   

A. Some students like to study in the mornings. B. Juan and Arturo play football every afternoon. C. Alicia goes to the library and studies every day.

The three examples above are all simple sentences.  
Note that sentence B contains a compound subject and sentence C contains 
a compound verb. 
Simple sentences, therefore, contain a subject and verb and express a complete thought, but they can also contain a compound subjects or verbs.  

COMPOUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a coordinator. 
The coordinators are as follows: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
Except for very short sentences, coordinators are always preceded by a comma.
In the following compound sentences, subjects are in yellow, verbs are in green, 
and the coordinators and the commas that precede them are in red. 

A.  I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English.  B.  Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping.  C.  Alejandro played football, for Maria went shopping.

The above three sentences are compound sentences. 
Each sentence contains two independent clauses, and they are joined
by a coordinator with a comma preceding it.  Note how the conscious use 
of coordinators can change the relationship between the clauses.  


COMPLEX SENTENCE
A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. 
A complex sentence always has a subordinator such as because, since, after, although, 
or when or a relative pronoun such as that, who, or which. In the following complex sentences, subjects are in yellow, verbs are in green, and the subordinators and their commas (when required) are in red.

A. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher  the last page.  B. The teacher returned the homework after she noticed the error. C. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. D. After they finished studying, Juan and Maria went to the movies. E. Juan and Maria went to the movies after they finished studying.

When a complex sentence begins with a subordinators such as sentences A and D,
a comma is required at the end of the dependent clause. When the independent clause begins the sentence with subordinators in the middle as in sentences B, C, and E, 
no comma is required. If a comma is placed before the subordinators in sentences B, C,
and E, it is wrong.
Note that sentences D and E are the same except sentence D begins with the dependent clause which is followed by a comma, and sentence E begins with the independent clause which contains no comma.  The comma after the dependent clause in sentence D is required, and experienced listeners of English will often hear a slight pause there.  
In sentence E, however, there will be no pause when the independent clause begins 
the sentence.  

COMPLEX SENTENCES / ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

Finally, sentences containing adjective clauses (or dependent clauses) are also complex because they contain an independent clause and a dependent clause.  
The subjects, verbs, and subordinators are marked the same as in the previous sentences, 
and in these sentences, the independent clauses are also underlined. 
 

A. The woman who(m) my mom talked to sells cosmetics. B. The book that Jonathan read is on the shelf. C. The house which AbrahAM  Lincoln was born in is still standing. D. The town where I grew up is in the United States.

Adjective Clauses are studied in this site separately, but for now it is important to know that sentences containing adjective clauses are complex.

CONCLUSION

Are sure you now know the differences between simple, compound, and complex sentences?  
The key is to look for the subjects and verbs first.

Conjunction

Conjunctions are the words we use to link or join two or more sentences together or two words within the same sentence. The most common conjunctions in English are: and, but, or, nor, for. For example: We eat at home and work in the office (The conjunction "and" joins the sentences: "we eat at home" with "we work in the office"). There are two kinds of conjunctions Coordinating. Subordinating. Coordinating Coordinating conjunctions are used when we want to join two sentences that work at the same level of importance in our speech, both actions are equally important. These conjunctions are: And Now But Still So Only Therefore Moreover Besides Consequently Nevertheless For However Hence Either...or... Neither... nor... Both... and Not only... but also While Then So then For expample: They went to the beach and had lunch there In this example we are using the coordinating conjunction "and" to join two different sentences, "They went to the beach" with "(they) had lunch there". Subordinating Subordinating conjunctions are used to join two sentences when one of them is depending on the first one. The majority of conjunctions are "subordinating conjunctions". They are: Who Which That Although, though While Since Until As As if, as though After Before How Once So that When Lest Why If In order that Unless Whether... or Because of Till Where Whether *A subordinate or dependent clause "depends" on a       main or independent clause. It cannot exist alone. *      For example: "Although I work hard" does not make      any sense. But a main or independent clause can exist     alone.    For example: "I'm still broke."   For example: This is the restaurant that I told you about In this example, the subordinating conjunction "that" introduces the sentence "I told you about" which is dependent on the first sentence "this is the restaurant". *Position: Coordinating conjunctions always come between the words or clauses that they join. Subordinating conjunctions usually come at the beginning of the subordinate clause.

Learning Conjunctions 

 

A Conjunction is a joining word used to join together separate parts of a sentence.

Learning Sentences

What are Sentences? A group of words that expresses a complete thought. This video is very useful for teachers to teach their students how to make sentences.

Adverbs

Adverbs tell us in what way someone does something. Adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs.

Adjectives tell us something about a person or a thing. Adjectives can modify nouns or pronouns.

Adjective	Adverb
Mandy is a careful girl.	Mandy drives carefully.
Mandy is very careful.

*Mandy is a careful driver. This sentence is about Mandy, the driver, so use the adjective.

*Mandy drives carefully. This sentence is about her way of driving, so use the adverb.

Form

Adjective + ly

Adjective	Adverb
dangerous	dangerously
careful	carefully
nice	nicely
easy	easily
horrible	horribly
electronic	electronically
irregular forms
good	well
fast	fast
hard	hard

*If the adjective ends in -le, the adverb ends in -ly.
Example: terrible - terribly

*If the adjective ends in -e, then add -ly.
Example: safe - safely

Tip: Not all words ending in -ly are adverbs.

*Adjectives ending in -ly: friendly, silly, lonely, ugly   
*Nouns, ending in -ly: ally, bully, Italy, melancholy
*Verbs, ending in -ly: apply, rely, supply
*There is no adverb for an adjective ending in -ly.

Types of adverbs

1) Adverbs of manner
    quickly
    kindly
2) Adverbs of degree
    very
    rather
3) Adverbs of frequency
    often
    sometimes
4) Adverbs of time
    now
    today
5) Adverbs of place
    here
    nowhere